背景・目的

　近年、世界ではエビデンスに基づく医療（Evidence-Based Medicine; EBM）の実施が求められており、その根拠となる学術論文のシステマティック・レビュー（Systematic Review; SR）の重要性が高まっています。

　システマティック・レビューとは、ライフサイエンス、特に医学分野において浸透している研究方法で、特定の研究テーマに対する文献をくまなく調査し、各研究データのバイアスを評価しながら、体系的に同質の研究データを収集・解析する研究手法のことを指します。

　通常、システマティックレビューは以下のようなプロセスに沿って進められます。初期のステップとしては、網羅的かつ系統的に論文を検索・収集し、その中から対象の研究テーマに該当する論文を「選別」する作業が必要となります。また、様々な医学論文のデータベースを横断的に検索する上では、各データベースの特徴や機能を理解したうえで検索式を設定したり、あるいは既存の検索フィルタで選別が不十分な場合は人手による取捨選択を行うなど、多くの時間と労力が必要とされます。

　▼一般的なSRの作業フロー
　　（１）研究テーマの決定
　　（２）関連論文の検索、収集、選別
　　（３）研究データの抽出、妥当性の評価
　　（４）データの要約
　　（５）（可能であれば）メタアナリシスによる統計学的解析
　　（６）結果の解釈、結論

そこで本コンペティションでは、システマティックレビューの効率化・省力化を目指し、網羅的に収集された論文の中から目的の論文を「選別」するための機械学習アルゴリズムの構築にチャレンジして頂きます。


タスク説明

本コンペティションでは、論文のタイトルおよび抄録のテキストデータを用いて、システマティックレビューの対象となる文献か否か（2値）を判定するアルゴリズムの作成にチャレンジして頂きます。

※コンペティションで使用するデータセットは、「診断精度研究」と呼ばれる学術分野において、当該分野の複数の研究者の方によって実施されたレビュー結果を元に作成しております。
※データセットには、診断精度研究「以外」も含めた網羅的な文献データが含まれており、その中から診断精度研究に該当する文献（システマティックレビューの対象となる文献）を判定して頂くタスクとなります。
※ラベル判定時は『情報不足により正しい判定を行うためには追加情報を要する』と判断された論文はjudgement=1に振り分けるという基準を設けています。そのため、judgement=1の論文の中には実際には診断精度研究に該当しない論文が含まれている可能性がございます。
※その他、データ形式などの詳細については、「データ」ページをご参照下さい。



データに関する注意事項

・各論文データには、「文字化け」や「欠損値」が含まれる場合がございます。
・「タイトルは異なるが、実際には同一の論文である」といった論文のペアが含まれる可能性があります。本コンペティションでは、これらを別の論文であるとして評価を実施することとします。
・一部のデータにおいて、ラベル判定結果に関する誤りが発見されました。こちらのディスカッションページをご確認の上、必要に応じて、各自で修正ください。

元コンペの成果物

元コンペの成果物（入賞モデルのソースコード等）は、こちらにアップされていますので、参考にしてください。

評価関数
・評価スコアは、FBetaScoreにより算出します。
・Beta (β)の値は7とし、RecallとPrecisionの内、Recallをより重視した評価を行います。


最終順位の決定
チャレンジ中の評価（暫定評価）は評価用データセットの一部で評価し、チャレンジ終了後の評価（最終評価）は評価用データセットの残りの部分で評価します。
リーダーボードはチャレンジ終了後時に自動的に最終評価に切り替わり、それを元に最終順位を決定します。このため、チャレンジ中とチャレンジ終了後では順位が大きく変動する場合もあります。

システムの利用
・1日の投稿回数の上限は5回です。
・1参加者につき1アカウントが必要です。1人で複数アカウントを利用、1アカウントを複数人で共有することは禁止です。
・チームでの参加はできません。

情報の取り扱い
 ・本コンペティション参加者が、自身で開発したアルゴリズム及びその他本コンペティションへの参加に関連して作成した資料等を自身のSNSやブログ等で一般公開することについては、公開時に本コンペティションの参加に関連して作成したものであることを明記する場合においては、何ら制限しません。
・ただし、本コンペのフォーラム以外で公開した際には、全ての参加者が閲覧できるよう、フォーラムにその旨（リンク等含む）明記してください。

データの利用
・学習データのラベルの修正は可能です。
・外部から取得した情報(論文の「著者名」「掲載誌」等を含む)を新たな特徴量として加え、予測の手がかりとすることは禁止とします。
・人の判断による予測結果を提出することは禁止とします。
・評価用データをモデルの学習時に用いることは禁止とします。
・外部のデータ(BERT等の学習済みモデルを含む)及びツールの利用は、以下a〜eの条件を全て満たす場合のみ許可します。

        a. ソースが明確である
        b. 誰でも利用することができる
        c. 無償で利用することができる
        d. オープンソースとして再配布することができる
        e. この他のルールに抵触しない

実装方法

・モデルの学習に利用するツールは、オープン且つ無料なもの（python, R 等）に限定します。
・同じフォーマットで、異なるデータを入力した場合にも、同様のロジックで予測できなければなりません。

Disclosure policy

As a general rule, in accordance with Article 4, Paragraph 1 of the terms of participation, diclosing any contents such as insights and deliverables transmitted through the information or data provided by our company in relation to this competition is not permitted, however, only after the completion of this competition and for non-commercial purposes, it will be possible to disclose the contents within the score of the table below
Model *1
Public
Analysis results *2
Public
Public : Posting to social media sites, blogs and source repositories, and citing to papers
Restricted : Using in a limited range from research, education to seminars, where many unspecified people cannot access
*1 Execution unit source code and learned models
*2 The insights obtained using the information and data provided, or the solutions including scripts and processed data such as summary statistics

※Notes

・SOTA challenge は参加者毎に終了日が異なるため、参加規約に同意いただいた後であれば公開可能です。
・本コンペのフォーラム以外で公開する際は、本コンペの参加に関連して作成したものであることを明記してください。
・本コンペのフォーラム以外で公開した際は、全ての参加者が閲覧できるよう、フォーラムにその旨（リンク等含む）明記してください。

▼本コンペティションにおける特別規約
・本コンペティションで配布するデータは、コンペティション終了後に削除いただく必要はありません。ただし、本コンペティションへの参加を目的とする場合に限り利用できるものとします。
・本コンペティションのデータセットを利用してご自身で開発されたアルゴリズム、アイデア及びその他本コンペティションに関連して作成した資料等（以下、「コンペ関連成果物」と呼びます）は、コンペ終了後に一般公開（フォーラム以外で公開）いただくことが可能です
・コンペ関連成果物を一般公開される際には、本コンペティションに関連して作成したものであることを明記してください。また必須ではありませんが、参加者が閲覧しやすいように、一般公開されたリンク等をフォーラムに記載いただけますと幸いです。
・本特別規約と、本コンペティション参加規約とに競合があった場合は、本特別規約が優先されます。


Terms of Participation in SIGNATE Competition

In order to participate in the Competition, you are required to agree to these Terms, in addition to the Terms of Use of SIGNATE.JP Site (hereinafter referred to as the “Terms of Use”). You should participate in the Competition after reading carefully and agreeing to these Terms. These Terms, the matters that are displayed as “additional matters” that you have agreed to when participating in a Competition, the Terms of Use and other terms and conditions that you have agreed to (hereinafter collectively referred to as “these Terms, etc.”) shall all be binding on the Participant.


Article 1 Definitions

1. For the purpose of these Terms, the following terms shall be defined as follows:

(1) “Site” means the website “SIGNATE (https://signate.jp)” on which the Competitions are posted.
(2) “Competition” means any competition on AI development or data analysis on the Site as held by the Host.
(3) “Host” is the host(s) of the Competition. The Host may be SIGNATE, Inc. (hereinafter referred to as the “Company”) or the Company’s client companies, affiliated companies, schools or organizations, etc. (hereinafter referred to as the “Client(s)”).
(4) “Participant(s)” means the member(s) (which mean “member(s)” defined in the Terms of Use, and the same shall apply hereinafter) who participate in a Competition.
(5) “Submissions” means, collectively, the analysis and prediction results, prediction models and reports, etc. as submitted in the Competition.
(6) “Final Submissions” means the Submissions submitted by a Participant that the Participant has specified as a final submission on the prescribed page in the Site by the time of completion of a Competition.
(7) “Winner Candidate” means the Participant who has received a notice from the Company that he/she is nominated as a winner candidate.
(8) “Submissions for Final Judgment” means the Submissions and other items designated by the Company as submitted by a Winner Candidate pursuant to the instructions of the Company.
(9) “Final Judgment” means the acceptance inspection and judgment, including reproducibility verification, by the Company for the Final Submissions and Submissions for Final Judgment of a Winner Candidate.
(10) “Winner” means the Winner Candidate who is informed by the Company that he/she has won a prize.
(11) “OSS” means software licensed based on OSS License Terms.
(12) “OSS License Terms” means any of the following license terms
(1) Either the GNU General Public License or the GNU Lesser General Public License published by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.;
(2) License terms listed at www.opensource.org/licenses/ or derivatives thereof;
(3) License terms that regard the software as “free software” or “open source software”; and
(4) License terms or agreements similar to the license terms listed in each of the three preceding items which request the user to disclose, distribute or license to a third party, or not to exercise, etc., the licensed software, its derivatives and the intellectual property rights associated therewith in whole or in part.

Article 2 Competition

1. A member who desires to participate in a Competition shall be required to agree to these Terms, etc. and to satisfy the conditions for participation as specified in each such Competition. Any person who is not a member shall not participate in any Competition.
2. Participants shall participate in each Competition in the manner as advised by the Company and shall be obligated to comply with the rules as prescribed in each Competition.
3. Participants may submit the Submissions for the assignment of a Competition during the period of such Competition and submit as many proposals on the method of solving the problem as specified by the Company to the Host by the end of the period of the said Competition.
4. Participants may submit Submissions in the form specified in the Competition and specify those Submissions as a Final Submission on the prescribed page in the Site by the end time specified by the said Competition.
5. Participants’ Final Submissions shall be evaluated in accordance with the evaluation method specified in the Competition and the final ranking shall be determined based on such evaluation.
6. Participants may, as a general rule, check their own evaluation results and the evaluation results of each of the other Participants for Submissions that may be evaluated quantitatively on the Site.
7. Participants shall be solely liable for their own Submissions, including the legality and non-infringement of the Submission.
8. Participants shall not submit any Submissions that have no direct relationship to each Competition.
9. Unless otherwise provided for, Participants may not directly communicate to, consult with, make a request to, solicit or take any other actions with the Host in respect of the matters related to a Competition during the period of the said Competition.
10. Participants shall direct any questions or concerns regarding any Competition to the Company or the third party designated by the Company in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the Company as posted on the Site.
11. Participants shall produce Submissions in compliance with the OSS License Terms related to the OSS when using or incorporating OSS in a Submission. However, Participants shall not use or incorporate OSS for which commercial use is prohibited in a Submission.
12. The Host shall not be obligated to pay any remuneration or other consideration for any act of the Participants in a Competition under any pretext. And the Company shall not be obligated to pay any remuneration or other consideration other than those prescribed in the following Article for any act of the Participants in a Competition.

Article 3 Reward and Vesting of Rights

1. Unless otherwise provided for, any Participant shall satisfy the requirements set forth in the following items in order to be entitled to receive a reward in any Competition that offers a reward:

(1) To be a winner;
(2) To agree to transfer to the Host and the relevant transferee of rights in such Competition all transferable rights, such as copyrights (including the rights as prescribed in Article 27 and Article 28 of the Copyright Act, and the same shall apply hereinafter), rights to obtain patents and know-how, etc. in and to all analysis and prediction results, prediction models, reports, etc., written explanations on algorithms, source code and reproduction method, etc. (although not limited to these), and the Submissions contained in the Final Submissions and Submissions for Final Judgment (hereinafter referred to as the “Rights”) along with a guarantee that the Participant has the authority to transfer such Rights;
(3) To guarantee that any relevant transferee of rights may use the Rights contained in the Final Submissions and Submissions for Final Judgment for its own business and other purpose without any restriction and to agree to their exclusive use of such Rights;
(4) To agree not to exercise moral rights to the Rights against the relevant transferee of rights;
(5) To enter into an agreement for the transfer of the Rights with the relevant eligible transferee of rights, including the guarantee of and agreement to the matters in the preceding three (3) items and other reasonable provisions;
(6) To have the personal identity of such Participant verified by the Company; and
(7) Not to breach any provision of these Terms, etc.

2. Any Winner Candidate shall, after having received a notice from the Company that he/she is nominated as a winner candidate, submit the Submissions for Final Judgment on or before the designated date and communicate the matters requiring confirmation or response in relation to the Final Submissions and the Submissions for Final Judgment to the Company on or before the designated date, in accordance with the instructions of the Company. The Company shall carry out the final judgment based on such matters requiring confirmation or response. If the Company receives no confirmation or response satisfactory to the Company on or before the designated date, the Company may exclude such Winner Candidate from the subject of the final judgment and the Winner Candidate shall not raise any objection thereto.
3. If the Company considers that the Final Submissions or Submissions for Final Judgment need to be amended or modified, or there occur any additional matters requiring confirmation, in the course of the final judgment, any Winner Candidate shall take action or make response in relation to the matters that require amendment or modification, or the matters requiring confirmation, on or before the designated date in accordance with the instructions of the Company. If the Company receives no action or response satisfactory to the Company on or before the designated date, the Company may exclude such Winner Candidate from the final judgment and the Winner Candidate shall not raise any objection thereto.
4. The Company shall determine the Winner through the final judgment and inform the Winner to that effect.

Article 4 Confidentiality

1. Any Participant shall treat any information and data that they receive from the Company in relation to Competitions as well as knowledge and products, etc. obtained using such information and data (including Participant Submissions; hereinafter referred to as the “Company-Provided Information”) as confidential information and shall not disclose the same to any third party and use the same for any purpose other than for such Competition and purpose specified by the Company separately; provided, however, that the confidential information shall not include any information that falls under any of the following items:

(1) Information that is known to the public at the time it was received;
(2) Information that is already possessed by the Participant at the time it was received (only in the case where such Participant may demonstrate such fact by reasonable means);
(3) Information that becomes known to the public without the fault of the Participant after it was received;
(4) Information that is independently developed by the Participant without reference to any information received; or
(5) Information that is rightfully received from any third party having a right to disclose such information without the obligations of confidentiality (only in the case where such Participant may demonstrate such fact by reasonable means).

2. Any Winner shall handle his/her Final Submissions and Submissions for Final Judgment in the same manner as Company-Provided Information after receiving notification that they are a winner. And Participant Submissions other than the Winner’s Final Submissions and Submissions for Final Judgment shall not be included as Company-Provided Information after the Company has determined the Winner notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
3. Any Participant may publish any algorithms that they have developed as well as any other materials they have created in connection with their participation in a Competition (including Final Submissions and Submissions for Final Judgment) after that Competition in accordance with the Competition Information Disclosure Policy (hereinafter, "Information Disclosure Policy") posted on the Site. However, Participants shall observe the following matters when publishing information and may not publish any materials prohibited by the Information Disclosure Policy:

(1) Clarify that the materials were created in connection with participation in the Competition;
(2) Give credit in accordance with the notation method prescribed in the Information Disclosure Policy when the materials to be published contain part of a dataset; and
(3) Clarify the location accessible to all Participants (including but not limited to the Competition forum and other locations designated by the Company) where the materials are published (including links, etc.) if publishing materials outside the Competition forum.

4. Any Participant shall delete or return to the Company the Company-Provided Information (excluding the information prescribed in paragraph 3) immediately after the completion of a Competition.
5. If there is any separate arrangement in relation to the confidential information in a Competition, the provisions of such arrangement shall prevail over the provisions of these Terms.
6. If any dispute occurs between a third party and the Host or the Company due to the breach by any Participant of the provisions of this Article and such other party makes any claim against the Company or the Host, such Participant shall compensate for any damage, loss, expenses (including, but not limited to, attorneys’ fees), lost profits and lost revenues, etc. incurred by the Company and the Host.
7. The provisions of this Article shall survive the termination of the relevant Competition or the Participant’s completion of the procedures for withdrawal from all services provided by the Company, with respect to the Company-Provided Information and the Winner’s Final Submissions and Submissions for Final Judgment for a period of five (5) years thereafter.

Article 5 Prohibited Acts of Participants

1. The Company shall prohibit Participants from engaging in any of the following acts in any Competition:

(1) An act of cracking, cheating, spoofing and other misconduct;
(2) An act of redistributing data files included in the dataset;
(3) An act of directly communicating to, consulting with, making a request to, soliciting or responding to solicitation or other activities to other Participants or the Host (other than the Company) without the involvement of the Company for the purpose of furthering the Participant’s own interests;
(4) Any profitmaking activities using the Competition (including but not limited to solicitation or scouting activities, and use for a third party in educational business, etc.) without the prior approval of the Company in writing or any other manner specified by the Company;
(5) An Act of transferring, offering as collateral or otherwise disposing of the Participants’ standing, or the rights or obligations, as a Participant in any Competition (except with the prior written consent of the Company);
(6) Acts that infringe upon the intellectual property rights, trade secrets or any other rights of third parties; and
(7) Any other act in breach of these Terms, etc.

2. If the Company deems that a Participant has engaged in, or may engage in, any of the prohibited acts as prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the Company may, without prior notice to the Participant, disqualify the Participant from the Competition in which the Participant participates, temporarily suspend the Participant from using some or all of the services provided by the Company, withdraw the Participant’s membership, claim damages from the Participant or take any other measures deemed necessary by the Company.

Article 6 Modification of Terms

1. The Company may modify, add or delete any provisions of these Terms from time to time without the approval of Participants.

January 31, 2022